U Rwanda rwatangaje Ingamba z’ibikorwa byo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe

Leta y'u Rwanda yatangaje ingamba zikomeye zerekeye ibikorwa byo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe zikaba ziteganya ko mu mwaka wa 2030 imyuka itera ukwiyongera k’ ubushyuhe ku isi izagabanukaho 38% ugereranyije n’igihe ibintu byakomeza gukorwa uko bisanzwe bikorwa, ibi bikaba bizagabanya toni miliyoni 4.6 z’ibyuka bya carboni (tCO2e).
 
Gahunda y’ ibikorwa byo kurwanya imihindagurkire y’ibihe izwi nka “Nationally Determined Contributions –NDC” (Umusanzu igihugu cyiyemeje mu kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe ), yashyikirijwe Ununyamabanga bw’’Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Mihindagurikire y’Ibihe (UNFCCC) bikaba ari ni nshingano u Rwanda ruhabwa n’amasezerano y’i Paris yerekeye kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe. Ayo masezerano ateganya ko ibihugu byose bigomba gutanga gahunda ivuguruye buri myaka itanu kandi iyo gahunda ivuguruye ikaba igomba kuba ikubiyemo ingamba zikomeye kurusha izari mu yayibanjirije. U Rwanda rukaba rwarabaye igihugu cya mbere muri Afurika ruba n’ igihugu cya cyenda ku Isi mu gutanga izo ngamba zivuguruye.
 
Ingamba z’ibikorwa byo kurwanya imihindagurikire zateguwe hashingiwe ku isesengura ryimbitse, amakuru anoze ndetse no kungurana ibitekerezo n'abafatanyabikorwa mu buryo bwagutse. U Rwanda ruzashora amamiliyari y’amadorari muri uru rugendo rwo kubaka iterambere rirambye, ridaheza, kandi rishingiye ku bukungu butangiza ibidukikije no guhanga imirimo itabangamira ibidukikije. 
 
Hatagize igihinduka, imyuka u Rwanda rwohereza mu kirere yakwikuba inshuro zirenze ebyiri hagati ya 2015-2030. Kugira ngo igabanuke ku kigero cya 38 % hagomba kunozwa uburyo bwo gukora ingufu; imikorere y’inganda n’imikoreshereze y’ibizikorerwamo; imicungire y’imyanda, ubwikorezi n’ubuhinzi ndetse hakananozwa gahunda z’ibikorwa byo kurengera urusobe rw’ ibinyabuzima. Mu rwego rwo gushyigikira igihugu ngo kibashe kwihanganira ibibazo bikomoka kuimihindagurikire y’ibihe ikabije, ibikorwa byo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe bizibanda ku mazi, ubuhinzi, ubutaka n’amashyamba, imiturire, ubuzima n’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro. 
 
Ibikorwa byo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe biteganywa n’izi ngamba byose hamwe bizatwara miliyari cumi n’imwe z’amadolari (11bn USD) harimo miliyari 5 na miliyoni 700 agenewe ibikorwa byo kugabanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe na miliyari 5 na miliyoni 300 z’ibikorwa byo guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe. Biteganywa ko aya mafaranga amwe azaturuka mu mu mutungo w’igihugu andi akava mu nkunga zizava hanze.
 
Minisitiri w’ibidukikije, Dr. Mujawamariya Jeanne d'Arc yagize ati: “U Rwanda rwishimiye gutanga ingamba zarwo zivuguruye nk’uko biteganywa n’amasezerano y'i Paris. Igihugu cyacu cyamaze kubara ikiguzi cy’imihindagurikire y'ibihe. Muri uyu mwaka wonyine, twapfushije abaturage barenga 150 n’inzu zirenga 4.000 zirasenyuka kubera imyuzure n’inkangu. Twifashije iyi gahunda nshya ihambaye y'ibikorwa byo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe, dufite umurongo ngenderwaho wo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya itera ukwiyongera k’ ubushyuhe ku isi u Rwanda rwohereza mu kirere isanzwe ari mike kandi tukubaka ubudahangarwa bw’umuryango nyarwanda ndetse n'ubukungu bwacu ku ngaruka z’ubushyuhe bw’isi bugenda bwiyongera.” 
 
Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa, w’Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Mihindagurikire y’Ibihe, Patricia Espinosa, yagize ati "Nshimiye u Rwanda kuba rwashyikirije Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Mihindagurikire y’Ibihe Ingamba zivuguruye zerekeye ibikorwa byo kurwanya imihindagurkire y’ibihe. Nejejwe no kubona ko mwiyemeje gutegura ahazaza heza, bishimangirwa no kwifashisha imibare mu bikorwa bya buri munsi mu buryo butandukanye nk'uko bisanzwe ndetse no kwiyongera kw’inzego zirebwa n’izi ngamba.” 
 
Itegurwa ry’Ingamba z’u Rwanda zivuguruye zerekeye ibikorwa byo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe ryatewe inkunga Banki y'Isi n’ umuryango w’ubufatanye mu gutegura ingamba zo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe (NDC Partnership).
 
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Ibyo wasoma 
 
Soma Ingamba z’u Rwanda zivuguruye zerekeye kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe. 
Soma Ingamba z’u Rwanda z’ubukungu butangiza ibidukikije kandi bwihanganira imihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Sura www.environment.gov.rw kugira ngo umenye byinshi mu bikorwa by’u Rwanda bigamije kugabanya no guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe. 
 
Ingamba z’ibikorwa byo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe (NDC) ni iki? 
 
Amasezerano ya Paris agamije guhangana n’ imihindagurikire y’ibihe asaba ibihugu kugaragaza no kumenyekanisha ibikorwa byo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe biteganya nyuma y’umwaka wa 2020 bikaba bizwi nka Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) - Ingamba zerekeye ibikorwa by’igihugu byo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe, u rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa Amasezerano ya Paris. Ibi bikorwa by’ibihugu byose hamwe bigaragaza niba isi igera ku ntego z’igihe kirekire z’amasezerano y’i Paris ndetse no kugabanya muri rusange ku rwego rwo hejuru imyuka itera ukwiyongera k’ ubushyuhe ku isi kandi byihuse. Ingamba z’ibikorwa byo kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe (NDC) zikubiyemo ibikorwa by’igihugu mu kugabanya imyuka itera ukwiyongera k’ ubushyuhe ku isi no guhangana n'ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe. 
 
Ibyerekeye Amasezerano y'i Paris 
 
Amasezerano y'i Paris ni amasezerano yumvikana kandi yuzuye ajyanye no gufata ingamba mu kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ibihe, zikayobora ibyemezo ibihugu byose bifata kugira ngo bigabanye uruhare rwabyo mu kongera igipimo cy’ubwiyongere bw’ubushyuhe bw’isi. Aya masezerano kandi ateganya ko ingengo y’imari ya miliyari 100 z’amadolari y’Amerika azajya akoreshwa buri mwaka mu gutera inkunga bihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere mu kurwanya imihindagurkire y’ibihe, gusakaza ikoranabuhanga ribifasha ku guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe no mu rugendo rwo kubaka ubukungu butangiza ibidukikije. Reba ibindi aha.